The Athena Institute has completed more than 150 LCI/LCA studies on construction materials and products to date.

Database Details

The following table sets out structural and envelope materials supported by the model and the vintage of these databases.

Product Vintage Comments
Concrete products    
Ready Mix Concrete (3000, 4000, 9000 psi with various high volume fly ash levels (average, 25% & 35%) specified on a volume basis CDN 2005
US 2004
  • Canadian regional cement data updated from original 1993  data (concrete designs remain unchanged)
  • US data reflects PCA design mixes and average cement for the US
  • Institute report available.
  • US cement profile available at US LCI database (www.nrel.gov/lci)
Concrete Masonry Units (CMU)specified on a number of units basis CDN 2005
US 2004
Mortar – specified on a volume basis CDN 2005
US 2004
Steel Products
specified on a mass basis
CDN 2002
US 2002
 
Nails  
  • All product profiles reviewed and adjusted to reflect fuel use by type and mix of EAF and integrated steel production technologies per product in both Canada and the US
  • Institute report available.
  • Integrated profile for US resides in US LCI database (www.nrel.gov/lci)
Welded wire mesh  
Screws, nut bolts  
Wide Flange sections  
Open- web joists  
Reinforcing bar  
Hollow structural steel  
Steel tubing  
Hot rolled sheet  
Cold rolled sheet  
Galvanized sheet  
Galvanized decking  
Galvanized studs  
Wood Products
specifed on a volume basis
CDN –various
US-various
 
Softwood lumber (green & kiln dried)  
  • Canadian regional data updated in 2009 Corrim data for US reflects PNW and SE production 2004.
  • Institute report available for Canadian cradle-to-gate profile.

·  See Corrim.org or US LCI database (www.nrel.gov/lci) for US data (2005)

Plywood  
Oriented Strand board  
Laminated Veneer Lumber  
Glulam Beams  
Wood bevel siding – 3 species CDN -various
US -various
  • Canadian regional data originally developed in 2000. Cedar data updated in 2009
  • Institute report available for Canadian cradle-to-gate profile.
  • US profiles based on PNW/SE lumber with Canadian transformation processes (2004) – no report available
Wood tongue and groove siding – 3 species  
Wood shiplap siding – 3 species  
Claddings CDN -various
US -various
 
Sheet steel cladding residential  
  • Canadian and US regional data originally developed in 2000.
  • Institute report available for Canadian cradle-to-gate profile. 
  • Base steel sheet values updated in 2005.
Sheet steel cladding commercial  
Common clay brick (modular and standard)  
  • Canadian clay brick data developed in 1998.  Adjusted for US by substituting electricity grids and transportation distances.
  • Institute report available.
  • Canadian data Updated in 2009
Concrete brick and split faced block  
  • Canadian concrete brick data developed in 1998. 
  • Split faced block updated in 2005.
  • Adjusted for US by substituting US cement profile, electricity grids and transportation distances.
  • Institute report available.
Stucco – over porous surface and metal mesh  
  • Canadian data developed in 2001.
  • Cement portion updated in 2005. 
  • Adjusted for US by incorporating US cement profile and substituting electricity grids, base fuel use and transportation distances.
  • Institute report available.
PVC vinyl siding  
Fiber Cement Siding  
  • Originally developed in 2009.
Natural Stone  
  • Developed in 2009 from a secondary data source.
Insulation and barrier products Various for NA  
Polyethylene vapour barrier  
Air barrier  
  • To be added in 2007 based on polypropylene profiles
Mineral Wool  
Fiberglass  
Polystyrene XPS and EPS  
Polyisocyanurate  
Cellulose  
Polyisocyanurate  
Paint Products Various for N. America  
Basic latex, solvent based and varnish  
  • Originally developed in 1998 and updated in 1999. Institute report available
Gypsum Board Products Various for N. America  
Regular  
  • Originally developed in 1997.
  • Update and expansion planned for 2009.
  • Institute report available
Fire rated  
Moisture resistant  
Gypsum fiber board  
Joint compound and paper tape  
Roofing Products Various for N. America  
3 tab shingles – organic  
  • Originally developed in 2000 and 2001.
  • Institute report available
3 tab shingles – glass  
#15 and #30 organ felt  
Type III and IV glass felt  
Mineral roll roofing  
Clay tile  
  • Originally developed in 1998.
  • Adjusted and updated for US by substituting US cement profile, electricity grids and transportation distances.
  • Institute report available
Concrete tile
BUR organ felt based  
  • Originally developed in 2001.
  • Adjusted and updated for US electricity grids and transportation distances.
  • Institute reports available
  • EPDM black updated in 2009 and EPDM white added.
BUR glass felt based  
Roofing asphalt  
PVC Membrane  
EPDM membrane  
Modified Bitumen  
Windows Various for N. America  
Wood frame  
PVC and PVC clad wood frame  
Aluminum Frame  
Double pane glazing, Low E coating, Argon filled